“动态产权”概念的嵌入:经济刑法“秩序法益观”的优化
Embedding the Concept of “Dynamic Property Rights”: Optimizing the “Order-Oriented Legal Interest Perspective” in Economic Criminal Law
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摘要: 改革开放以来,中国经济刑法法益演变的基本脉络是从“利益”渐次演化到“秩序”,这是中国经济刑法成长和成熟的征候。传统秩序法益观因其高度形而上,故不可避免地存在工具主义和象征主义等价值偏差,可能会损害经济刑法的正当性、必要性和有效性,难以兼容社会主义市场经济的发育逻辑。可考虑以“动态产权”概念的嵌入锚定,尝试传统秩序法益观的技术理性优化与法实证主义提升,尝试经济刑法法益重心从“认识论”向“方法论”、从“本体论”向“功能论”的范式转型:一方面,明确经济刑法所保护的经济秩序必须是具有产权可还原性的秩序,以此使新秩序法益观区别于传统秩序法益观;另一方面,明确经济刑法所保护的产权必须是在市场经济运行结构中、构成市场资源要素的动态产权,以此使经济犯罪区别于传统财产犯罪。Abstract: Since the reform and opening up,the fundamental evolution of the legal interest in China's economic criminal law has gradually shifted from “interests” to “order”,marking the growth and maturation of China's economic criminal law.The traditional order-based view of legal interest,due to its highly metaphysical nature,inevitably carries value deviations such as instrumentalism and symbolism,which may undermine the legitimacy,necessity,and effectiveness of economic criminal law and fail to align with the developmental logic of the socialist market economy.A potential solution is to embed the concept of “dynamic property rights” as an anchor,attempting to optimize the technical rationality of the traditional order-based view of legal interest and enhance legal positivism.This may facilitate a paradigm shift in the focus of legal interest in economic criminal law—from “epistemology” to “methodology” and from “ontology” to “functionalism”.Specifically,on the one hand,it should be clarified that the economic order protected by economic criminal law must be an order reducible to property rights,thereby distinguishing the new order-based view of legal interest from the traditional one.On the other hand,it should be clarified that the property rights protected by economic criminal law must be dynamic property rights that operate within the market economic structure and constitute market resource elements,thereby distinguishing economic crimes from traditional property crimes.
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